Request types
Request type 是 customer 在 portal 看到的「我要什麼」。這節最大、細節最多:對應的 issue type、portal 分組、表單欄位、customer 看到的 status 名稱與限制誰能提。
官方考綱原文(這一節會考的範圍)
- Describe how issue types are associated with request types.說明 issue type 與 request type 的關係
- Create and delete request types.建立與刪除 request type
- Add request types to portal groups.把 request type 加進 portal group
- Remove portal groups from a request type to hide it from the portal.移除 portal group 以在 portal 隱藏
- Manage request type name, description, icon, and work category.管理名稱、說明、icon、work category
- Add, remove, and reorder fields.新增、移除、排序欄位
- Set field display name and description.設定欄位顯示名稱與說明
- Define the required fields in field configuration versus in request type.分辨 field configuration 與 request type 的必填
- Set default values and hide from portal.設預設值並在 portal 隱藏
- Define fields to be included in the screen scheme for a request type.定義 request type 的 screen scheme 欄位
- Distinguish field layout for customers versus agents.分辨 customer 與 agent 的欄位版面
- Customize workflow status name shown to customer.自訂 customer 看到的 status 名稱
- Restrict specific request types to a subset of individuals or groups who are customers within a project.把 request type 限制給部分 customer 或群組
Request type=customer 看到的入口;issue type=背後的引擎
- 一個 request type 只對一個 issue type一個 issue type 可以給很多 request type 用;workflow 與欄位來自 issue type。
- Portal groups 決定 portal 怎麼分類一個 request type 可在多個 group;從所有 group 移除=從 portal 藏起來(搜尋仍找得到)。
- Request form vs issue viewRequest form 給 customer 填;issue view 給 agent 看;兩邊欄位分開設定。
- Use preset value and hide from portal自動填值並對 customer 隱藏;portal 不支援的欄位(Assignee、Linked issues)只能這樣用。
- Status name to show customer替 customer 改 status 的顯示名稱;同名可藏掉 transition。
- Restrictions限定哪些 user、group、customer、organization 能提這種單(最多 50 個);只管「提」,不管「看」。
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
However, one request type can only be connected to one work type at a time.
- Organize request types into portal groups
To hide a request type from your portal, remove it from all portal groups.
- Customize a request type
automatically fill out a field and hide it from customers in the request form (and portal) by checking the box next to Use preset value and hide from portal
- Customize the workflow statuses for a request type
A transition between two workflow statuses can be hidden to the customer by giving them the same status name.
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
These restrictions only apply to raising a request, and don’t extend to viewing a work items once it’s created.
Request type、issue type、workflow
| Request type | Issue type | |
|---|---|---|
| 誰看得到 | Customer(portal 上的名稱、說明、icon) | Agent 與 admin |
| 管什麼 | 名稱、說明、icon、portal group、work category、request form 欄位、customer 看到的 status 名稱 | Workflow、screen、field configuration |
| 對應 | 只能對一個 issue type | 可給多個 request type 使用 |
| 沒有它會怎樣 | Work item 沒有 request type → 很多 JSM 功能用不了(只在 queue 找得到) | — |
資料來源(4)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
Request types manage the specific settings of a work type (such as naming, portal customization, and work categories) while work types manage the foundational settings of a work type (such as workflows and fields).
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
One work type can be used for many different request types.
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
If you create a work item without a request type, your requests won’t have access to all Jira Service Management features.
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
If you change the work type of a work item, you’ll also need to update the request type to match.
建立、刪除、portal groups
- 建立Space settings → Request management → Request types → Create request type:Create blank(名稱、說明、icon、portal group、issue type),或 Create from template(只有 Jira admin)。
- Work category把 request type 放進 Service requests、Incidents、Changes… 分類,決定它出現在哪個側欄區塊。
- Portal groupsSpace settings → Channels & self service → Portal → Portal Groups:Create group、Add request form、拖拉排序。超過一個 group 才會在 portal 顯示分組。
- 藏起來把 request type 從所有 portal group 移除=customer 在 portal 首頁看不到(搜尋仍可找到、可放進 help center topic)。
- 刪除有 request 在用時會警告,要把它們改到新的 request type。Email 用的 request type 要先關 email requests 才能刪。
Q1想暫時不讓 customer 在 portal 看到某 request type,但保留設定?看答案
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- Create request types in company-managed spaces
From here, you can select Create blank to build your own request type, or Jira admins can select Create from template
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
If you have work categories enabled, service request types will be sorted into Service requests, incident request types into Incidents and so on.
- Organize request types into portal groups
Hidden request types will still show up in search and can be added to topics in your help centers.
- Delete request types from your service space
If you have requests currently using this request type, we'll warn you before you delete them.
- Delete request types from your service space
To delete an email request type, you’ll need to first turn off email requests for the service space, then follow the steps above.
Request form 與 issue view
| 設定 | 效果 |
|---|---|
| Display name | 改欄位在 portal 顯示的名稱(Summary 這類必填系統欄位也能改名,但不能移除或隱藏) |
| Display description | 欄位下方的說明文字 |
| Required(request type) | 只在這個 request form 必填 |
| Use preset value and hide from portal | 自動填入預設值,customer 看不到;agent 在 issue 上看得到 |
| Issue view 分頁 | Agent 看到哪些欄位;加到 screen 會讓同 issue type 的所有 request type 都出現 |
| 欄位類別 | 例子 | 能怎麼用 |
|---|---|---|
| 可以放、但不能在 portal 顯示 | Assignee、Linked issues、其他 Jira 產品的欄位、group/project/version picker | 只能 preset value 並隱藏 |
| 完全不能放進 request type | Issue type、Log work、Reporter、Security level、Time tracking、Request participants | — |
Field configuration(Jira admin)設必填 → Jira 建立 work item 時都會要求有值;欄位必填卻不在 request form 上、也沒有 preset,customer 會送不出(官方 KB:customers unable to submit tickets due to required fields)。Request type 的 Required 只影響這張 portal 表單。要「只在 portal 必填」就在 request type 設。
Q1想讓「Request new laptop」一律指派給採購窗口,customer 看不到這個欄位?看答案
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- Customize a request type
Mandatory system fields, such as the Summary field, cannot be removed or hidden, because they are essential for work item creation and processing.
- Customize a request type
Adding a field to a screen will make it appear in the work item view for all request types that share the same work type.
- Hidden fields and unsupported fields in request types
These fields can be added to the request type and given a preset value, but you cannot make them visible on the portal
- Create or edit a field configuration
From this screen, you can also indicate whether a field can be left empty on work items using the toggle in the Required column.
- Fix Required Fields Blocking Ticket Submission in JSM Cloud
This happens when a system field or custom field is marked as required but hidden from the form.
Customer 看到的 status、誰能提單
- Status name to show customer:Request types → 選 request type → Workflow Statuses:把 In Progress 顯示成「處理中」、Waiting for support 顯示成「已收到」。
- 把兩個 status 設成同一個顯示名稱,customer 就看不到這兩個 status 之間的 transition。
- Restrictions:Request type → Restrictions → 加入可以提單的 user、group、customer account、organization(最多 50 個);沒權限的人在 portal 連看都看不到(搜尋也不行),admin 與 agent 也一樣,除非加進名單。
- 限制不適用 email、chat、widget、virtual agent:這些管道用到的 request type 一旦被限制,對任何人都不會出現。
- Automation、change management 與 app user 預設沒有存取被限制的 request type;要另外把 app user 或 atlassian-addons-admin 加進名單。
- Restrictions 只管「誰能提」,不管「誰能看」——要限制誰看得到 request,用 issue security level。
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- Customize the workflow statuses for a request type
Under Status name to show customer, enter the workflow name that you want customers to see.
- Customize the workflow statuses for a request type
A transition between two workflow statuses can be hidden to the customer by giving them the same status name.
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
No more then 50 users, groups, or organizations can be given access to a restricted request type.
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
Any request types being used by these channels will no longer appear to anyone regardless of access if restricted.
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
These restrictions only apply to raising a request, and don’t extend to viewing a work items once it’s created.
考題愛用的錯誤說法
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What's the difference between request types and work types?
However, one request type can only be connected to one work type at a time.
- Organize request types into portal groups
To hide a request type from your portal, remove it from all portal groups.
- Hidden fields and unsupported fields in request types
These types of fields can't be added to a request type
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
These restrictions only apply to raising a request, and don’t extend to viewing a work items once it’s created.
- Customize a request type
Mandatory system fields, such as the Summary field, cannot be removed or hidden, because they are essential for work item creation and processing.
實作 Lab:建一個 request type,藏起來、再限制
第一次做 Lab?先看 Lab 環境準備:用測試站台、準備測試帳號。畫面名稱可能隨 Atlassian 更新而不同,以下以現行畫面為準。
目標:從零建一個 request type,調整 request form 的欄位與 customer 看到的 status 名稱,再用 portal group 與 restrictions 控制誰看得到、誰能提。
一個 request type 只對一個 issue type;從所有 portal group 移除=藏起來(搜尋仍找得到);Preset+hide=自動填、customer 看不到;同名 status=藏 transition;Restrictions 只管「提」不管「看」。
準備
- Cara(Acme Corp)與 Dan 都能登入 HELP 的 portal,各用一個瀏覽器設定檔。
- 這個 Lab 建的 Lab 借用投影機 會在 420.4.2~420.4.4 繼續用,收尾時不要刪。
步驟
- 你應該看到:清單多了 Lab 借用投影機,旁邊標著你選的 work type。它的 workflow 和欄位來源就是這個 work type。
- 你應該看到:Summary 只能改名,沒有移除或隱藏的選項;Assignee 那一列顯示 preset 值 Leo。
- 你應該看到:表單第一格叫「借用事由」,Due date 有必填標記;看不到 Assignee。送出一張 request。
- 你應該看到:Assignee 已經是 Leo(preset 值自動填入);Leo 在 work item 上看得到這個欄位。
- 你應該看到:Cara 的 portal 從頭到尾都顯示「處理中」,看不出中間轉過一次:同名 status 會把 transition 藏起來。
- 你應該看到:首頁的分類裡看不到它;搜尋仍找得到。這是「藏起來」,不是刪除。
- 你應該看到:Cara 看得到也能提單;Dan 在首頁與搜尋都找不到它。你自己(admin)不在名單上,從 portal 也提不了這種單。
試試看:改一個設定,觀察差異
T1在 Request form 的右側面板搜尋 Reporter、Security level、Request participants。看結果
T2步驟 7 的 restriction 還在時,用 Leo 打開 Cara 先前提的那張 request。看結果
T3(想像,不實際做)Jira admin 在 field configuration 把某個 custom field 設成必填,但 Lab 借用投影機的 request form 上沒有這個欄位、也沒有 preset。看結果
Request types 清單裡 Lab 借用投影機那一列:右邊寫著它的 work type。前台 request type、後台 work type;藏=移出所有 group,限=只管提。
收尾
- 移除 Lab 借用投影機的 restriction(Restrictions → Remove → Apply),確認它回到 portal group。
- Workflow Statuses 改回原本的顯示名稱。保留 Due date 必填與 Assignee preset,420.4.3 會用到。
資料來源(4)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- Customize a request type
Mandatory system fields, such as the Summary field, cannot be removed or hidden, because they are essential for work item creation and processing.
- Organize request types into portal groups
To hide a request type from your portal, remove it from all portal groups.
- Customize the workflow statuses for a request type
A transition between two workflow statuses can be hidden to the customer by giving them the same status name.
- Add or remove restrictions on request types
These restrictions only apply to raising a request, and don’t extend to viewing a work items once it’s created.
讀完了?用這張收攏整節
- 一個 request type 只對一個 issue type。
- 改 work item 的 issue type 就要跟著改 request type。
- 從所有 portal group 移除=藏起來(不是刪除)。
- Create from template 只有 Jira admin。
- Preset+hide=自動填、customer 看不到。
- Field configuration 必填=全面;request type 必填=只有這張表單。
- 同名 status=藏 transition。
- Restrictions 管提單,issue security 管看。
做題
題目載入中…
本教材為原創整理,非 Atlassian 官方出版品;題目皆為原創,不含第三方題庫題幹。考試沿用 project/issue 等用語,現行 Jira Service Management 已改稱 space/work item;customer 端仍叫 request。