使用者、角色與權限類型
JSM 的人分兩邊:佔授權、進 Jira 的內部使用者,以及免費、只走 portal 的外部使用者。分清楚誰是誰、誰設定哪一層權限,是這個 domain 的地基。
官方考綱原文(這一節會考的範圍)
- Define external users and roles (customer, stakeholder, reporter, organization, request participant).定義外部使用者與角色:customer、stakeholder、reporter、organization、request participant
- Define internal users and roles (agent, assignee, collaborator, watcher, project admin, Jira admin, org admin).定義內部使用者與角色:agent、assignee、collaborator、watcher、project admin、Jira admin、org admin
- Distinguish among the types of JSM Cloud permissions (product access, global permissions, permission scheme, customer permissions, knowledge base permissions).分辨五種權限:product access、global、permission scheme、customer、KB
誰付費、誰免費、權限分五層
- Agent=佔 JSM 授權在 Service Desk Team role;看 queue、回覆 customer、管 customer 與 organization。
- Collaborator=有 Jira 授權但不是 agent也放在 Service Desk Team role;只能看、加 internal comment、加附件、記工時、watch。
- Customer=免費從 portal、email、widget 提單;只看得到自己的(或被分享的)request。
- Request participant=被分享 request 的人跟 reporter 收一樣的通知;仍受 issue security 限制。
- Organization=customer 的群組可跨 service project 重複用;跟 Atlassian organization(admin 用的)是兩回事。
- 五種權限Product access → Global → Permission scheme → Customer permissions → KB permissions。
資料來源(5)・1 點無官方原文有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- 找不到官方原文:「五種權限」的分類這個分類出自官方考綱;官方文件沒有這樣列,但五層各自都有原文(見本框其他來源)。
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
Agents are licensed users who work on customer requests and add customers to the service space
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
To be a collaborator, the user should be added to the Service Desk Team role in your service space.
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
Customers are unlicensed users who send requests to your service space through the portal, email, or widget.
- What are request participants?
By default, they receive the same notifications as the reporter of the request but can turn off these notifications at any time.
- What are service space customers and organizations?
Organizations are groups of customers that are shared across service spaces.
內部與外部使用者
| 角色 | 類型 | 佔授權 | 能做什麼 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Customer | 外部 | ✗ | 提單、追蹤自己的 request、留言、讀 KB、核准別人的 request、(允許時)分享 request |
| Request participant | 外部 | ✗ | 被分享的 request:看、留言、收通知(預設跟 reporter 一樣) |
| Organization | 外部(群組) | ✗ | 成員可以把 request 分享給整個 organization、在 portal 搜尋 organization 的 request |
| Stakeholder | 外部/內部 | ◐ Premium 以上不佔 | 被加到 incident 後收進度更新;權限跟 customer 一樣 |
| Agent | 內部 | ✓ | Queue、回覆 customer(公開留言)、internal comment、管理 customer 與 organization、寫 KB |
| Collaborator | 內部 | ✓ Jira 授權 | 只能看、internal comment、附件、watch/vote、記工時;給它更多權限也不會生效 |
| Project admin | 內部 | ✓ | Agent 能做的全部+設定 request type、queue、SLA、portal、報表 |
| Jira admin | 內部 | ✓ | Permission scheme、workflow、custom field 等全站設定;改 project key 與 category |
| Org admin | 內部 | — | 管理 Atlassian organization:使用者、產品存取、外部 customer 的帳號政策 |
官方:Premium、Enterprise 方案的 stakeholder 不佔 agent 授權;Free、Standard 方案只有 agent 能被加成 incident 的 stakeholder。
Q1開發人員偶爾要在 request 留 internal comment 幫忙查 bug,但不回覆 customer。他是什麼角色?看答案
Q2Customer 能不能核准別人的 request?看答案
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
These are the only permissions a collaborator can have and if admins try to give the collaborator additional permissions, they won't be supported due to their role limitations.
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
Stakeholders don't need an agent license in Jira Service Management's Premium and Enterprise plans.
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
On Free and Standard plans, only users with an agent license can be added as stakeholders of incidents.
- What are request participants?
They can view, comment on, and receive notifications about the request.
- What are service space customers and organizations?
An Atlassian organization centralizes user management and app access, and is managed by your company's organization admin.
內建三個 role 與它們代表的人
| Project role | 放誰 | permission scheme 怎麼授權 |
|---|---|---|
| Administrators | Project admin | 必須有 Administer Projects,以及其他 role 有的所有權限 |
| Service Desk Team | Agent 與 collaborator | 必須有 Create、Browse、Edit、Schedule、Add comments、Create attachments |
| Service Desk Customers | Customer | 不要直接授權給這個 role:customer 的權限要給 security type「Service Desk Customer - Portal Access」,它會讀這個 role 判斷誰是 customer |
官方:權限要給 Administrators role、Service Desk Team role 與 Service Desk Customer - Portal Access。改成直接給 group 或個人,service project 的部分功能可能失效。
Customer 透過 Portal Access 拿到的權限:Create work items、Browse projects、Add comments、Create attachments,以及 Assign work items(隱藏的 Assignee 欄位才能在提單時自動指派)。
Q1為什麼 customer 的權限不直接給 Service Desk Customers role?看答案
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
This space role must have the Administer spaces permission in order to set up and administer a service desk.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
This space role also must have all the permissions granted to the other users of the service desk in order to see all the functionality they'll be using.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
The permissions for customers must be granted to the Service Desk Customer - Portal Access security type, not the Service Desk Customers role.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
If you grant permissions to groups or individual users instead of the roles and security type, some functionality in your service space might be disabled.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
This permission is mandatory for the Assignee field to work.
JSM 的五種權限
| 權限類型 | 誰設定 | 決定什麼 |
|---|---|---|
| Product access | Org admin(或有 user access admin 權限的 site admin) | 誰是 JSM agent(佔授權)、誰是 Jira 使用者、誰只是 customer |
| Global permissions | Jira admin | 全站能力,例如 Administer Jira、Browse users and groups、Share dashboards and filters |
| Permission scheme | Jira admin 編 scheme;project admin 管 role 成員 | Project 內能做什麼:Browse、Create、Edit、Transition、Assign… |
| Customer permissions | Site admin 設 Customer access;project admin 設 Channel access 與 Customer sharing | 誰能建帳號、誰能提單、customer 能分享給誰 |
| Knowledge base permissions | Project admin(在 service project 設定)+ Confluence space 權限 | 誰能看 KB 文章(含匿名)、誰能寫 |
資料來源(5)・2 點無官方原文有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- 找不到官方原文:有 user access admin 權限的 site admin官方只寫 org admin 與 user access admin 可以設定 product access,沒有提到 site admin。
- 找不到官方原文:「五種權限」的分類這個分類出自官方考綱;官方文件沒有這樣列,但五層各自都有原文(見本框其他來源)。
- What are the different types of admin roles?
A user access admin can manage user access to a specific app.
- What are global permissions?
At the highest level, Jira admins can control access to their site and cross-space permissions on the Global permissions page.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
When using permission schemes, Jira admins can grant permissions to a role in a space as a placeholder that can later be defined by the Space admin.
- How customer access settings impact project permissions
The customer access settings can be changed by site admins at the site level and they affect the project-level customer permissions that can be changed by project admins.
- Manage who can view and edit your knowledge base articles
To manage who can view and edit articles in your linked spaces, go to the Knowledge base page under Space settings in your service space.
考題愛用的錯誤說法
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
These are the only permissions a collaborator can have and if admins try to give the collaborator additional permissions, they won't be supported due to their role limitations.
- Customize Jira Service Management permissions
The permissions for customers must be granted to the Service Desk Customer - Portal Access security type, not the Service Desk Customers role.
- What are request participants?
For example, if an administrator customizes requests so that only reporters can view them, then request participants won't be able to view the request.
- What are service space customers and organizations?
An Atlassian organization centralizes user management and app access, and is managed by your company's organization admin.
- What are space roles in Jira Service Management?
Customers are unlicensed users who send requests to your service space through the portal, email, or widget.
實作 Lab:同一張 request,五個視角看到什麼
第一次做 Lab?先看 Lab 環境準備:用測試站台、準備測試帳號。畫面名稱可能隨 Atlassian 更新而不同,以下以現行畫面為準。
目標:用 agent(Leo)、collaborator(Kim)、customer(Cara、Dan)與未登入路人五個視角打開同一張 request,親眼看授權與角色的差別;再走一遍五種權限各在哪一頁。
Agent 佔 JSM 授權、能回覆 customer;collaborator 有 Jira 授權、放在 Service Desk Team role,只能 internal comment;customer 免費,只看得到自己的或被分享的 request;customer 權限給 Service Desk Customer - Portal Access。
準備
- Cara 從 HELP 的 portal 提一張 request(以下稱 Cara 的 request),記下它的 key。
步驟
- 你應該看到:Leo 有 Jira Service Management 的存取(agent);Kim 只有 Jira 的存取;Cara 沒有佔授權的 app 存取(customer 免費)。
- 你應該看到:Administrators 有你;Service Desk Team 有 Leo、Ana、Kim。Leo 與 Kim 在同一個 role,差別只在授權。
- 你應該看到:留言區有兩種:回覆 customer(公開)與 internal(只有內部看得到)。兩則都送出成功。
- 你應該看到:Kim 看得到 request 與兩則留言,可以加 internal comment;沒有回覆 customer 的選項。
- 你應該看到:Cara 看到 Leo 的「已收到」,看不到「待查 log」那則 internal comment。
- 你應該看到:Dan 的清單裡沒有這張;打開網址顯示沒有權限或找不到(customer 只看得到自己的或被分享的)。
- 你應該看到:通常會看到 Administrators、Service Desk Team 兩個 role,以及 Service Desk Customer - Portal Access;customer 的權限是給 Portal Access,不是直接給 Service Desk Customers role。
- 你應該看到:五層在五個不同的頁面,由不同的人管:org admin 管 product access、Jira admin 管 global 與 scheme、project admin 管 customer permissions 與 KB 權限。
試試看:改一個設定,觀察差異
T1用 Leo 在 Cara 的 request 的 Request participants 欄位加入 Dan。Dan 重新整理 portal。看結果
T2(想像,不實際做)在 Space permissions 把 Add comments 等更多權限給 Kim 所在的 role,Kim 能不能回覆 customer?看結果
T3用無痕視窗(未登入)打開 Cara 的 request 網址。看結果
Request 底部的留言區:Leo 有「回覆 customer」與「internal」兩條路,Kim 只剩 internal;Cara 的 portal 上只看到公開的那一則。付費三人組進 Jira,免費三人組走 portal。
收尾
- 把 Dan 從 Cara 的 request 的 Request participants 移除。
- Space permissions 只看未改;不需還原。
資料來源(4)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are service space customers and organizations?
have no access to Atlassian apps (no app licenses consumed)
- Give Jira users permission to comment
Other Jira users can make internal comments, but cannot share comments with your customers.
- What are request participants?
Agents can add request participants by sharing the request from its work view or by adding them in the Request participants field in the work view.
- Manage service project role memberships
From your service space, select Space settings, then Access, then People and access.
讀完了?用這張收攏整節
- Agent 佔 JSM 授權;collaborator 佔 Jira 授權、只能 internal comment。
- Customer、participant、organization 都免費。
- Organization(customer 群組)≠ Atlassian organization。
- Customer 權限給 Portal Access security type,不給 role。
- Agent 與 collaborator 都在 Service Desk Team role。
- Product access 決定授權;permission scheme 決定 project 內的動作。
- Customer permissions 分兩層:site(customer access)+project(channel access、sharing)。
做題
題目載入中…
本教材為原創整理,非 Atlassian 官方出版品;題目皆為原創,不含第三方題庫題幹。考試沿用 project/issue 等用語,現行 Jira Service Management 已改稱 space/work item;customer 端仍叫 request。