On-call
On-call 讓 alert 在對的時間找到對的人。考你分清 schedule、rotation、routing rule、escalation policy、alert policy 各管什麼。
官方考綱原文(這一節會考的範圍)
- Build and manage on-call schedules.建立與管理 on-call schedule
- Define rotations and set routing rules.定義 rotation 與 routing rule
- Set escalation policies.設定 escalation policy
- Set alert policies.設定 alert policy
誰值班、通知誰、沒人理怎麼辦
- Schedule一組 rotation;可有多個 schedule(依時區、服務、地點)。三層:Base、Overrides、Final。
- Rotation輪流值班的一群人:shift duration+frequency(daily、weekly、custom)+participants。
- Routing rulesAlert 進到 team 時由上而下比對,第一個符合的決定交給 escalation、schedule 或 No one;最多 100 條。
- Escalation policy依順序通知;沒人 acknowledge 就通知下一步;acknowledge 或 close 就停。
- Alert policyAlert 建立時先改屬性(priority、訊息、responders);global 先、team 後,由上而下。
- Free/Standard 限制只能 1 條自訂 routing rule;escalation 沒有 next/previous/random、repeat。
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
An on-call schedule is a collection of rotations that define when different team members are responsible for handling incidents and alerts.
- What are routing rules?
It then applies the first matching routing rule to notify the team.
- What are escalation policies?
When the alert is acknowledged or closed, the escalation policy stops.
- What are alert policies?
It first checks any existing Global Alert Policies, if available, and then proceeds to Team Alert Policies.
- What are routing rules?
If you’re on a Free or Standard plan, you can create one custom routing rule only.
一個 alert 的旅程
資料來源(4)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are alert policies?
Alert policies step in to adjust alerts as they are being created.
- What are routing rules?
When an alert is created for a team or when the alert is assigned to a team, Jira Service Management evaluates the team's routing rules and finds the appropriate schedule, escalation, or notification.
- What are routing rules?
After the designated time, it notifies the next, and so on, until the policy stops.
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
When an alert is escalated through a schedule, all on-call users from different rotations are notified.
排班
| 元素 | 說明 |
|---|---|
| Schedule | Rotation 的集合;有時區。Team 啟用 operations 時自動建立第一個 schedule、routing rule、escalation |
| Base/Overrides/Final | 原本排的、臨時換班、實際值班紀錄 |
| Rotation | 同一個循環的一群人;有開始日、可選結束日;同一 schedule 多個 rotation 時,所有 rotation 的值班者都會被通知 |
| Shift duration | 預設 5 種:週一到週日 24h、週一到週日 8–17、週一到週五 8–17、週一到週五 17–8、週五到週一;也可 custom |
| Frequency | Daily、Weekly、Custom |
| Participants | 使用者、team、escalation、或 No one(沒人值班,但仍可由 escalation 接手) |
| Override | 請假、換班時臨時接手;Take on-call=立刻接 1 小時;可選 No one |
| Global schedule | Jira 的 product admin 或 Operations global admin 可建全站 schedule,跨 team 使用 |
Q1同事臨時請假兩天,要怎麼處理?看答案
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
When you launch your team’s operations, Jira Service Management automatically creates your first on-call schedule, routing rule, and escalation policy.
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
Each rotation has a designated start date, while the end date is optional, allowing for flexibility in scheduling.
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
There are five default duration types available, each catering to different scheduling needs:
- How do on-call schedules work in operations?
Jira Service Management provides the option to assign No one as a shift participant, indicating that there is no designated person or team on the call, during that particular shift.
- Override an on-call schedule
This option is great for an urgent situation, allowing you to override the on-call for an hour, effective immediately.
通知誰、依什麼順序
| Routing rule | Escalation policy | |
|---|---|---|
| 做什麼 | 依 alert 的來源、內容、時間決定交給哪個 escalation/schedule/No one | 依順序通知 responder,時間到還沒 acknowledge 就下一步 |
| 比對方式 | 由上而下,只套第一個符合的 | 一步一步往下,acknowledge 或 close 就停 |
| 交給 schedule | 只通知當下值班的人,不會 escalate | 可以有一步是「通知 schedule 的 on-call」 |
| 交給 No one | 只記錄 alert、不通知(例如 P4、P5) | — |
| 在哪設/誰 | Team 的 Operations → routing rules(官方未明列權限) | Team admin;全站的由 product admin/Operations global admin |
| 方案限制 | Free/Standard:1 條自訂 | Free/Standard:沒有 next/previous/random 成員、repeat |
- Escalation 的對象:指定成員、team(套用該 team 的 routing rules)、team 所有成員、team admin、隨機成員、schedule 的 on-call、下一位/上一位值班者。
「P4、P5 的 alert 只要留紀錄不要吵人」→ routing rule 交給 No one。「值班的人 10 分鐘沒回就通知主管」→ escalation policy 第二步。
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are routing rules?
In other words, only one routing rule is applied for an alert.
- What are routing rules?
If you route alerts to a schedule, the members in the on-call schedule when the alert was created are notified, but no escalation takes place if the alert goes unacknowledged.
- What are routing rules?
If you route alerts to no one, the alert is recorded but teams aren't notified.
- What are escalation policies?
You must be a team admin to edit or add new escalation policies.
- What are escalation policies?
If you're on a Free or Standard plan in Jira Service Management, the following functionalities are not available: Notify next user in schedule, Notify previous user in schedule, Notify random member of team, and Repeat.
在 alert 建立前改它
- 改 alert 的 message、description、priority、responders 等欄位,或決定交給哪個 team。
- Global policy 影響所有 team;Team policy 只影響該 team 的 integration、被 route 給該 team、或該 team 是 incident 的 assignee/responder 的 alert。
- 比對順序:先 global(由上而下)再 team(由上而下);都不符合就照來源的規則建立。同時符合時 global 優先。
- 套用的 policy 會記在 alert 的 activity log。
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are alert policies?
With alert policies, you can change alert properties, including the message, description, and even the designated responders, all before the alert is generated.
- What are alert policies?
These policies impact all your team operations in Jira Service Management.
- What are alert policies?
If none of the policies match the alert's content, the alert will be created according to the rules defined by its source.
- What are alert policies?
If an alert matches both a global and team policy, the global policy takes precedence.
- What are alert policies?
When an alert policy is applied to an alert, the corresponding policy will be recorded in the alert's activity log.
考題愛用的錯誤說法
資料來源(5)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are routing rules?
In other words, only one routing rule is applied for an alert.
- What are routing rules?
If you route alerts to a schedule, the members in the on-call schedule when the alert was created are notified, but no escalation takes place if the alert goes unacknowledged.
- What are routing rules?
If you route alerts to no one, the alert is recorded but teams aren't notified.
- What are routing rules?
If you’re on a Free or Standard plan, you can create one custom routing rule only.
- What are alert policies?
If an alert matches both a global and team policy, the global policy takes precedence.
實作 Lab:替 Ops 排班、換班,讓低優先 alert 不吵人
第一次做 Lab?先看 Lab 環境準備:用測試站台、準備測試帳號。畫面名稱可能隨 Atlassian 更新而不同,以下以現行畫面為準。
目標:在 Ops team 的 operations 建 rotation、加 override、加一條 routing rule 把低優先 alert 交給 No one,再讓一個 alert 跑完 escalation。
Routing rule 由上而下、只套第一個符合的;route 到 schedule 不會 escalate;route 到 No one 只記錄不通知;escalation 有人 acknowledge 就停;alert policy 先 global 後 team。
準備
- Ops 已啟用 operations(環境頁)。
- Leo、Ana 的通知方式至少有 email,方便觀察誰被通知。
- HELP 的 incident request type 有 Responders 欄位(沒有就先加到 Work item view)。
步驟
- 你應該看到:看到 Ops 的 schedule、routing rules、escalation policy:啟用 operations 時自動建好的第一組。
- 你應該看到:Schedule 預覽出現 Leo、Ana 每週輪替;上方有 Base、Overrides、Final 三層。
- 你應該看到:Overrides 層出現這段代班;Final 層顯示代班的人;Base 不變。
- 你應該看到:第一步是通知 schedule 的 on-call;第二步排在後面,時間到才觸發。
- 你應該看到:規則清單由上而下;預設規則在最下面兜底。
- 你應該看到:產生一個給 Ops 的 responder alert;如果它的 alert priority 是 P4/P5,通常會被 Quiet low 接走:有紀錄、但沒人收到通知。
- 你應該看到:通常第一步通知值班的人;10 分鐘後第二步通知 Ana。
- 你應該看到:Alert 變成 Acknowledged,Ana 成為 assignee;escalation 停止,不再往下通知。
試試看:改一個設定,觀察差異
T1在 Quiet low 上方加一條:P1 → 交給 schedule(不是 escalation)。再建一張最高 priority 的 incident,不 acknowledge。看結果
T2用 Leo 在 On-call 頁按 Take on-call。看結果
T3(想像,不實際做)站台是 Standard,想再加第二條自訂 routing rule,或在 escalation 用 Notify next user in schedule。看結果
Ops 的 On-call 頁:上面是 schedule 的 Base、Overrides、Final 三條時間軸,下面是由上而下的 routing rules,最上面那條把 P4、P5 丟給 No one。改、分、催、排;schedule 不催。
收尾
- 刪除 Quiet low 與 P1 → schedule 兩條 routing rule、override、escalation 的第二步。
- Weekly primary rotation 可以留著,之後 incident 相關的 Lab 用得到。
- 把練習用 incident 與 alert 關閉。
資料來源(4)有疑慮時點開看官方原文
- What are routing rules?
If you route alerts to no one, the alert is recorded but teams aren't notified.
- Create, edit, delete a routing rule
On your team’s profile page, scroll to the Operations section and select Go to operations.
- Override an on-call schedule
This option is great for an urgent situation, allowing you to override the on-call for an hour, effective immediately.
- What are escalation policies?
When the alert is acknowledged or closed, the escalation policy stops.
讀完了?用這張收攏整節
- 順序:alert policy → routing rule → escalation → schedule。
- Override 不改 base,只蓋一層。
- No one 也是合法的 participant。
- Routing:第一個符合;escalation:一步一步。
- 交給 schedule 不會 escalate。
- Alert policy 改 alert;routing rule 決定交給誰。
- Global 先於 team。
做題
題目載入中…
本教材為原創整理,非 Atlassian 官方出版品;題目皆為原創,不含第三方題庫題幹。考試沿用 project/issue 等用語,現行 Jira Service Management 已改稱 space/work item;customer 端仍叫 request。